印太交汇区八种鱼类群体遗传结构和连通性分析

doi:10.11978/2024043

Abstract

Abstract:

The Indo-Pacific Convergence Region is the center of the origin in marine biodiversity and has extremely high biodiversity. With the dramatic changes in global climate and human activities intensify, ecosystems are gradually fragmenting. In this context, marine fish play important ecological functions in connecting fragmented ecosystems and protecting biodiversity. Exploring the genetic structure and connectivity of typical fish species in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region will clarify the genetic diversity patterns and diffusion paths among different populations, thereby providing scientific support for the protection of biological diversity. In this study, 8 fish species (Acanthurus japonicus, Balistapus undulatus, Cephalopholis urodeta, Ctenochaetus striatus, Gnathodentex aureolineatus, Lutjanus kasmira, Melichthys vidua and Parupeneus multifasciatus) were collected from 5 representative areas in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region (Zhongsha Islands, Nansha Islands, Xisha Islands, Hainan Island, and the Philippines), totaling 309 samples, 515 mitochondrial COI genes and 16S sequences were obtained; To broaden the scope of the study, cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI ) gene sequences from the Taiwan Island in China and Indonesian were downloaded from GenBank, amounting to 86 sequences. Based on this, we analyzed the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation structure among different groups in the above seven study regions. The overall results show that 8 fish species have high levels of genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation, among which Parupeneus multifasciatus and Balistapus undulatus are the most obvious; Indonesia, Taiwan Island in China and South China Sea Island populations also have high genetic diversity. The study further developed the species distribution models and the least-cost paths model to explore the population connectivity. Based on this, distribution information for the eight fish species (collected from a total of 133, 047 points) was used to predict suitable distribution areas under current climate using the MaxEnt algorithm, and the connectivity between different populations was calculated using the ArcGis 10.2 software SDMtoolbox v2.5. Population connectivity reveals that the east coast of the Philippines-Sulawesi is an important dispersal path for the above eight typical fish species in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region. The South China Sea Islands (Nansha, Zhongsha and Xisha Islands) connect Taiwan Island in China, the Philippines and Indonesia, and serve as connecting hubs for species spread. In summary, the Philippines, Indonesia, Taiwan Island in China, and the South China Sea should become priority protected areas for maintaining genetic diversity and protecting connectivity. When protecting biodiversity, population connectivity and genetic diversity should be comprehensively considered, and different research results reflected at the macro and micro levels should be combined to achieve more effective biodiversity conservation.

Key words: Indo-Pacific Convergence Region, genetic diversity, dispersal, population connectivity, biodiversity conservation

CLC Number:

Q347

HUANG Hongwei, ZHANG Zhixin, ZHONG Jia, LIN Qiang, GUO Baoying, YAN Xiaojun. The genetic structure and connectivity of eight fish species in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(1): 9-23.

Figures/Tables 12

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 2

Tab. 3

NCBI accession numbers of COI genes of eight typical fish species"

物种	群体	NCBI 登录号	物种	群体	NCBI 登录号
日本刺尾鱼	菲律宾	KY570696.1	黑边角鳞鲀	印度尼西亚	GU673788.1
	菲律宾	FJ582663.1		印度尼西亚	GU673787.1
	中国台湾岛	KU944984.1		印度尼西亚	GU673786.1
波纹钩鳞鲀	印度尼西亚	GU674269.1		印度尼西亚	JN312832.1
	印度尼西亚	GU674268.1	多带副绯鲤	印度尼西亚	GU673922.1
	印度尼西亚	GU673764.1		印度尼西亚	GU673921.1
	印度尼西亚	GU673727.1		印度尼西亚	MN870573.1
	印度尼西亚	GU673724.1		印度尼西亚	MN870495.1
	印度尼西亚	JN312867.1		印度尼西亚	MN870185.1
	中国台湾岛	KU945199.1		印度尼西亚	MN870017.1
	中国台湾岛	KU945198.1		印度尼西亚	MN869966.1
	中国台湾岛	KT718610.1		印度尼西亚	MN869947.1
	菲律宾	FJ582893.1		印度尼西亚	MN869941.1
尾纹九棘鲈	印度尼西亚	MN870605.1		印度尼西亚	JN312859.1
	印度尼西亚	MN870316.1		南沙群岛	KY371927.1
	印度尼西亚	MN870305.1		南沙群岛	KY371926.1
	印度尼西亚	MN870241.1		南沙群岛	KY371925.1
	印度尼西亚	MN869950.1		中国台湾岛	KU944153.1
	印度尼西亚	JN313107.1		中国台湾岛	KU944152.1
	印度尼西亚	JN312862.1		中国台湾岛	KU944146.1
	菲律宾	KU064518.1		中国台湾岛	KU944145.1
	菲律宾	KU064517.1		中国台湾岛	KU944144.1
	菲律宾	KU064516.1		中国台湾岛	KU944142.1
	菲律宾	KF009579.1	金带齿颌鲷	印度尼西亚	GU674368.1
	菲律宾	KF009578.1		印度尼西亚	GU674365.1
	菲律宾	KC970463.1		印度尼西亚	MN870418.1
	菲律宾	FJ583015.1		印度尼西亚	MN869944.1
	菲律宾	FJ583014.1		南沙群岛	KY371565.1
	菲律宾	FJ583013.1		南沙群岛	KY371564.1
	菲律宾	FJ583012.1		南沙群岛	KY371563.1
	中国台湾岛	KU943492.1		南沙群岛	KY371562.1
	中国台湾岛	KU943491.1		南沙群岛	KY371561.1
	中国台湾岛	KU943459.1		南沙群岛	KY371560.1
	中国台湾岛	KU892843.1		南沙群岛	KY371559.1
栉齿刺尾鲷	印度尼西亚	GU673965.1	四带笛鲷	南沙群岛	KY371696.1
	印度尼西亚	MN870174.1		南沙群岛	KY371695.1
	印度尼西亚	MN870008.1		南沙群岛	KY371694.1
	印度尼西亚	GU673967.1		南沙群岛	KY371693.1
	印度尼西亚	JN311616.1		南沙群岛	KY371692.1
	中国台湾岛	KU944980.1		南沙群岛	KY371691.1
	中国台湾岛	KU893059.1		南沙群岛	KY371690.1
	中国台湾岛	KU892976.1		南沙群岛	KY371689.1

Tab. 3

Tab. 4

Population genetic diversity based on COI gene and 16S sequences"

物种	群体	序列数(n)			变异位点数目(S)		单倍型数量(h)		单倍型(基因) 多样性(H_d )		核苷酸多样性(π)		核苷酸差异的平均数(K)
物种	群体	COI		16S	COI	16S	COI	16S	COI	16S	COI	16S	COI	16S
日本刺尾鱼	西沙群岛	7	6		2	1	2	2	0.571	0.333	0.002	0.001	1.143	0.333
	南沙群岛	7	10		6	2	4	3	0.810	0.378	0.004	0.001	2.381	0.400
	菲律宾	8	4		6	112	6	4	0.893	1.000	0.004	0.135	2.071	74.000
	整体	22	20		6	135	6	8	0.779	0.589	0.003	0.056	1.779	30.826
波纹钩鳞鲀	中沙群岛	6	9		3	1	3	2	0.600	0.500	0.002	0.001	1.000	0.500
	南沙群岛	4	12		0	4	1	4	0.000	0.455	0.000	0.001	0.000	0.667
	中国台湾岛	3	-		2	-	3	-	1.000	-	0.002	-	1.333	-
	印度尼西亚	6	-		3	-	3	-	0.733	-	0.002	-	1.200	-
	整体	19	21		113	5	8	5	0.795	0.486	0.105	0.001	57.924	0.638
尾纹九棘鲈	中沙群岛	10	11		7	3	7	4	0.867	0.709	0.003	0.002	1.711	0.909
	西沙群岛	11	12		4	3	5	4	0.709	0.561	0.002	0.001	0.873	0.742
	南沙群岛	19	23		50	88	11	7	0.830	0.806	0.030	0.024	15.930	13.024
	菲律宾	10	-		5	-	5	-	0.756	-	0.003	-	1.489	-
	中国台湾岛	4	-		5	-	2	-	0.500	-	0.005	-	2.500	-
	印度尼西亚	7	-		5	-	6	-	0.952	-	0.004	-	2.095	-
	整体	61	46		61	88	23	8	0.799	0.739	0.013	0.014	6.787	7.305
栉齿刺尾鲷	西沙群岛	5	4		62	14	4	3	0.900	0.833	0.071	0.018	37.200	9.167
	南沙群岛	20	21		67	17	11	9	0.842	0.800	0.058	0.012	30.200	6.210
	中国台湾岛	3	-		3	-	2	-	0.667	-	0.004	-	2.000	-
	印度尼西亚	5	-		11	-	4	-	0.900	-	0.008	-	4.400	-
	整体	33	25		77	18	17	10	0.822	0.787	0.050	0.013	26.426	6.500
金带齿颌鲷	中沙群岛	6	6		1	0	2	1	0.333	0.000	0.001	0.000	0.333	0.000
	西沙群岛	5	20		0	1	1	2	0.000	0.100	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.100
	南沙群岛	12	19		3	2	4	3	0.455	0.205	0.001	0.000	0.500	0.211
	印度尼西亚	4	-		2	-	3	-	0.833	-	0.002	-	1.167	-
	整体	27	45		4	3	5	4	0.393	0.130	0.001	0.000	0.484	0.133
四带笛鲷	西沙群岛	19	21		37	11	12	5	0.836	0.538	0.021	0.006	12.357	3.048
	南沙群岛	13	24		5	6	6	3	0.641	0.163	0.002	0.001	0.897	0.500
	整体	32	45		41	17	16	7	0.756	0.358	0.014	0.003	8.482	1.859
黑边角鳞鲀	中沙群岛	25	33		5	7	5	8	0.470	0.384	0.002	0.001	0.907	0.481
	西沙群岛	10	5		3	5	3	4	0.644	0.900	0.002	0.004	1.267	2.000
	南沙群岛	15	27		6	11	4	9	0.600	0.604	0.003	0.002	1.429	1.083
	菲律宾	11	10		6	5	5	5	0.618	0.667	0.002	0.002	1.091	1.000
	印度尼西亚	4	-		3	-	3	-	0.833	-	0.003	-	1.500	-
	整体	65	75		13	24	11	21	0.562	0.538	0.002	0.002	1.136	0.871
多带副绯鲤	中沙群岛	10	10		3	17	4	10	0.533	1.000	0.002	0.012	0.867	6.911
	西沙群岛	-	3		-	9	-	3	-	1.000	-	0.010	-	6.000
	南沙群岛	10	7		3	12	4	7	0.644	1.000	0.001	0.010	0.756	5.571
	中国台湾岛	6	-		4	-	4	-	0.867	-	0.003	-	1.533	-
	海南岛	6	6		4	15	3	6	0.600	1.000	0.002	0.011	1.333	6.533
	印度尼西亚	10	-		7	-	7	-	0.911	-	0.004	-	1.978	-
	整体	42	26		15	17	13	21	0.711	0.982	0.002	0.007	1.266	4.255

Tab. 4

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Tab. 5

Fig. 5

Tab. 6

Fig. 6

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物种	AUC (mean ± SD)	TSS (mean ± SD)	Boyce (mean ± SD)
日本刺尾鱼	0.904 ± 0.093	0.806 ± 0.166	0.757 ± 0.263
波纹钩鳞鲀	0.988 ± 0.003	0.924 ± 0.030	0.882 ± 0.095
尾纹九棘鲈	0.986 ± 0.003	0.934 ± 0.017	0.847 ± 0.075
栉齿刺尾鲷	0.989 ± 0.005	0.934 ± 0.025	0.943 ± 0.046
金带齿颌鲷	0.983 ± 0.010	0.903 ± 0.053	0.811 ± 0.107
四带笛鲷	0.986 ± 0.003	0.907 ± 0.015	0.987 ± 0.008
黑边角鳞鲀	0.988 ± 0.007	0.912 ± 0.049	0.778 ± 0.100
多带副绯鲤	0.986 ± 0.007	0.944 ± 0.016	0.947 ± 0.032

物种	深度	海表年平均盐度	海表年平均盐度范围	海表年平均温度	海表年平均温度范围
日本刺尾鱼	1	0	0.428	0.026	0
波纹钩鳞鲀	1	0.138	0.065	0.025	0.233
尾纹九棘鲈	0.999	0.116	0.113	0.006	0.152
栉齿刺尾鲷	0.998	0.085	0.134	0.059	0.124
金带齿颌鲷	0.999	0.052	0.164	0.117	0.094
四带笛鲷	0.941	0.011	0.018	0.098	0.014
黑边角鳞鲀	0.988	0.100	0.172	0.031	0.380
多带副绯鲤	0.980	0.099	0.074	0.109	0.019

The genetic structure and connectivity of eight fish species in the Indo-Pacific Convergence Region

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物种	下载数据	调查数据	文献检索数据	总数据	分析数据
日本刺尾鱼	170	25	4	199	12
波纹钩鳞鲀	15217	46	24	15287	158
尾纹九棘鲈	16650	51	17	16718	112
栉齿刺尾鲷	41773	52	10	41835	239
金带齿颌鲷	3492	62	1	3555	61
四带笛鲷	15315	0	0	15315	2027
黑边角鳞鲀	14562	62	1	14625	73
多带副绯鲤	25414	42	57	25513	238

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