南海东北部陆缘浊流活动的地貌记录及其形成机制分析

doi:10.11978/2020022

Abstract

Abstract:

Cyclic steps caused by supercritical turbidity currents are distributed widely along the West Penghu Canyon in the Taixinan Basin of the northeastern South China Sea. Turbidity currents occur frequently in this area due to high tectonic activities, marine factors such as typhoon and delivery of large sediments from rivers. Using high-resolution bathymetric data, we conduct quantitative analysis on the morphology of 23 net-erosional cyclic steps and 10 net-depositional cyclic steps along the West Penghu Canyon, and compute flow velocity of turbidity currents flowing through these cyclic steps. We find that the flow velocity of turbidity currents has an abrupt change in the transition of net-erosional cyclic steps, while the velocity decreases significantly in the transition from net-erosional to net-depositional cyclic steps. The former is mainly caused by the slope break in the canyon, while the latter is caused by the change from confined to unconfined environment. In addition, the net-depositional cyclic steps are located closer to the southwestern flank of the West Penghu Canyon; and we propose that this phenomenon should be mainly caused by turbidity currents affected by the Coriolis force. Investigating the evolution and controlling factors of cyclic steps in this area can help us better understand the interaction of submarine bedforms and turbidity currents, which plays a significant role in the geomorphological evolution along submarine canyons.

Key words: supercritical turbidity current, cyclic step, geomorphological record, South China Sea

CLC Number:

P737.2

LI Shuang, LI Wei, ZHAN Wenhuan. Geomorphological records of turbidity current activity in the northeastern margin of the South China Sea and analysis of triggering mechanism[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2021, 40(1): 111-121.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 1

Fig. 4

Tab. 2

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

References 43

[1]	丁巍伟, 李家彪, 韩喜球, 等, 2010. 南海东北部海底沉积物波的形态、粒度特征及物源、成因分析[J]. 海洋学报, 32(2):96-105.
	DING WEIWEI, LI JIABIAO, HAN XIQIU, et al, 2010. Geomorphology, grain-size charicteristics, matter source and forming mechanism of sediment waves on the ocean bottom of the northeast South China Sea[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 32(2):96-105 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
[2]	聂鑫, 罗伟东, 周娇, 2017. 南海东北部澎湖峡谷群沉积特征[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 33(8):18-23.
	NIE XIN, LUO WEIDONG, ZHOU JIAO, 2017. Depositional characteristics of the Penghu Submarine Canyon in the northeastern South China Sea[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 33(8):18-23 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
[3]	王海荣, 王英民, 邱燕, 等, 2008. 南海东北部台湾浅滩陆坡的浊流沉积物波的发育及其成因的构造控制[J]. 沉积学报, 26(1):39-45.
	WANG HAIRONG, WANG YINGMIN, QIU YAN, et al, 2008. Development and its tectonic activity’s origin of turbidity current sediment wave in manila trench, the south china sea[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 26(1):39-45 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
[4]	王龙樟, 姚永坚, 林卫兵, 等, 2018. 南海南部沉积物波: 软变形及其触发机制[J]. 地球科学, 43(10):3462-3470.
	WANG LONGZHANG, YAO YONGJIAN, LIN WEIBIN, et al, 2018. Sediment waves in the South of South China Sea: soft sediment deformation and its triggering mechanism[J]. Earth Science, 43(10):3462-3470 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
[5]	吴哲, 杨风丽, 钟家良, 等, 2012. 台西南盆地岩石圈伸展及裂后沉降特征分析[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 40(11):1730-1736.
	WU ZHE, YANG FENGLI, ZHONG JIALIANG, et al, 2012. Analysis of lithospheric extension and postrift subsidence in Taixinan Basin[J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science), 40(11):1730-1736 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
[6]	徐景平, 2014. 海底浊流研究百年回顾[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 44(10):98-105.
	XU JINGPING, 2014. Turbidity current research in the past century: an overview[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 44(10):98-105 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
[7]	许小勇, 吕福亮, 王大伟, 等, 2018. 周期性阶坎的特征及其对深水沉积研究的意义[J]. 海相油气地质, 23(4):1-14.
	XU XIAOYONG, LÜ FULIANG, WANG DAWEI, et al, 2018. Cyclic steps and significance to deep water sedimentation[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 23(4):1-14 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
[8]	易海, 钟广见, 马金凤, 2007. 台西南盆地新生代断裂特征与盆地演化[J]. 石油实验地质, 29(6):560-564. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200706560
	YI HAI, ZHONG GUANGJIAN, MA JINFENG, 2007. Fracture characteristics and basin evolution of the Taixinan basin in cenozoic[J]. Petroleum Geology and Experiment, 29(6):560-564 (in Chinese with English Abstract). doi: 10.11781/sysydz200706560
[9]	殷绍如, 王嘹亮, 郭依群, 等, 2015. 东沙海底峡谷的地貌沉积特征及成因[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 45(3):275-289.
	YIN SHAORU, WANG LIAOLIANG, GUO YIQUN, et al, 2015. Morphology, sedimentary characteristics, and origin of the Dongsha submarine canyon in the northeastern continental slope of the South China Sea[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 58(6):971-985.
[10]	BOWEN A J, NORMARK W R, PIPER D J W, 1984. Modelling of turbidity currents on navy submarine fan, California continental borderland[J]. Sedimentology, 31(2):169-185. doi: 10.1111/sed.1984.31.issue-2
[11]	CARTIGNY M J B, POSTMA G, VAN DEN BERG J H, et al, 2011. A comparative study of sediment waves and cyclic steps based on geometries, internal structures and numerical modeling[J]. Marine Geology, 280(1-4):40-56. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.11.006
[12]	CARTIGNY M J B, VENTRA D, POSTMA G, et al, 2014. Morphodynamics and sedimentary structures of bedforms under supercritical-flow conditions: new insights from flume experiments[J]. Sedimentology, 61(3):712-748. doi: 10.1111/sed.12076
[13]	CHANSON H, 2004. Hydraulic jump[M]//CHANSON H. The Hydraulics of Open Channel Flow: an Introduction. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann: 53-63.
[14]	CLARE M A, CLARKE J E H, TALLING P J, et al, 2016. Preconditioning and triggering of offshore slope failures and turbidity currents revealed by most detailed monitoring yet at a fjord-head delta[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 450:208-220. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.021
[15]	CLARKE J E H, 2016. First wide-angle view of channelized turbidity currents links migrating cyclic steps to flow characteristics[J]. Nature Communications, 7:11896. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11896 pmid: 27283503
[16]	COVAULT J A, KOSTIC S, PAULL C K, et al, 2014. Submarine channel initiation, filling and maintenance from sea-floor geomorphology and morphodynamic modelling of cyclic steps[J]. Sedimentology, 61(4):1031-1054. doi: 10.1111/sed.12084
[17]	COVAULT J A, KOSTIC S, PAULL C K, et al, 2017. Cyclic steps and related supercritical bedforms: building blocks of deep-water depositional systems, western North America[J]. Marine Geology, 393:4-20. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2016.12.009
[18]	DE LEEUW J, EGGENHUISEN J T, CARTIGNY M J B, 2016. Morphodynamics of submarine channel inception revealed by new experimental approach[J]. Nature Communications, 7:10886. pmid: 26996440
[19]	FANG GUOHONG, WANF GANG, FANG YUE, et al, 2012. A review on the South China Sea western boundary current[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 31(5):1-10.
	FANG GUOHONG, WANF GANG, FANG YUE, et al, 2012. A review on the South China Sea western boundary current[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 31(5):1-10.
[20]	FILDANI A, NORMARK W R, KOSTIC S, et al, 2006. Channel formation by flow stripping: Large-scale scour features along the Monterey East Channel and their relation to sediment waves[J]. Sedimentology, 53(6):1265-1287. doi: 10.1111/sed.2006.53.issue-6
	FILDANI A, NORMARK W R, KOSTIC S, et al, 2006. Channel formation by flow stripping: Large-scale scour features along the Monterey East Channel and their relation to sediment waves[J]. Sedimentology, 53(6):1265-1287. doi: 10.1111/sed.2006.53.issue-6
[21]	GONG CHENGLIN, WANG YINGMIN, PENG XUECHAO, et al, 2012. Sediment waves on the South China Sea Slope off southwestern Taiwan: implications for the intrusion of the Northern Pacific Deep Water into the South China Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 32(1):90-109.
	GONG CHENGLIN, WANG YINGMIN, PENG XUECHAO, et al, 2012. Sediment waves on the South China Sea Slope off southwestern Taiwan: implications for the intrusion of the Northern Pacific Deep Water into the South China Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 32(1):90-109.
[22]	KONSOER K, ZINGER J, PARKER G, 2013. Bankfull hydraulic geometry of submarine channels created by turbidity currents: relations between bankfull channel characteristics and formative flow discharge[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 118(1):216-228.
	KONSOER K, ZINGER J, PARKER G, 2013. Bankfull hydraulic geometry of submarine channels created by turbidity currents: relations between bankfull channel characteristics and formative flow discharge[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 118(1):216-228.
[23]	KOSTIC S, SEQUEIROS O, SPINEWINE B, et al, 2010. Cyclic steps: a phenomenon of supercritical shallow flow from the high mountains to the bottom of the ocean[J]. Journal of Hydro-environment Research, 3(4):167-172. doi: 10.1016/j.jher.2009.10.002
	KOSTIC S, SEQUEIROS O, SPINEWINE B, et al, 2010. Cyclic steps: a phenomenon of supercritical shallow flow from the high mountains to the bottom of the ocean[J]. Journal of Hydro-environment Research, 3(4):167-172. doi: 10.1016/j.jher.2009.10.002
[24]	KOSTIC S, 2011. Modeling of submarine cyclic steps: controls on their formation, migration, and architecture[J]. Geosphere, 7(2):294-304. doi: 10.1130/GES00601.1
	KOSTIC S, 2011. Modeling of submarine cyclic steps: controls on their formation, migration, and architecture[J]. Geosphere, 7(2):294-304. doi: 10.1130/GES00601.1
[25]	KOSTIC S, 2014. Upper flow regime bedforms on levees and continental slopes: turbidity current flow dynamics in response to fine-grained sediment waves[J]. Geosphere, 10(6):1094-1103. doi: 10.1130/GES01015.1
	KOSTIC S, 2014. Upper flow regime bedforms on levees and continental slopes: turbidity current flow dynamics in response to fine-grained sediment waves[J]. Geosphere, 10(6):1094-1103. doi: 10.1130/GES01015.1
[26]	KUANG ZENGGUI, ZHONG GUANGFA, WANG LIAOLIANG, et al, 2014. Channel-related sediment waves on the eastern slope offshore Dongsha Islands, northern South China Sea[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 79:540-551. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.09.025
	KUANG ZENGGUI, ZHONG GUANGFA, WANG LIAOLIANG, et al, 2014. Channel-related sediment waves on the eastern slope offshore Dongsha Islands, northern South China Sea[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 79:540-551. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.09.025
[27]	LEE T Y, TAND C H, TING J S, et al, 1993. Sequence stratigraphy of the Tainan Basin, offshore southwestern Taiwan[J]. Petroleum Geology of Taiwan, 28:119-158.
	LEE T Y, TAND C H, TING J S, et al, 1993. Sequence stratigraphy of the Tainan Basin, offshore southwestern Taiwan[J]. Petroleum Geology of Taiwan, 28:119-158.
[28]	LI LEI, GONG CHENGLIN, 2018. Gradual transition from net erosional to net depositional cyclic steps along the submarine distributary channel thalweg in the Rio Muni Basin: a joint 3-D seismic and numerical approach[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 123(9):2087-2106.
	LI LEI, GONG CHENGLIN, 2018. Gradual transition from net erosional to net depositional cyclic steps along the submarine distributary channel thalweg in the Rio Muni Basin: a joint 3-D seismic and numerical approach[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 123(9):2087-2106.
[29]	MAIER K L, FILDANI A, PAULL C K, et al, 2013. Deep-sea channel evolution and stratigraphic architecture from inception to abandonment from high-resolution autonomous underwater vehicle surveys offshore Central California[J]. Sedimentology, 60(4):935-960. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2012.01371.x
	MAIER K L, FILDANI A, PAULL C K, et al, 2013. Deep-sea channel evolution and stratigraphic architecture from inception to abandonment from high-resolution autonomous underwater vehicle surveys offshore Central California[J]. Sedimentology, 60(4):935-960. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2012.01371.x
[30]	NORMARK W R, HESS G R, STOW D A V, et al, 1980. Sediment waves on the monterey fan levee: a preliminary physical interpretation[J]. Marine Geology, 37(1-2):1-18. doi: 10.1016/0025-3227(80)90009-2
	NORMARK W R, HESS G R, STOW D A V, et al, 1980. Sediment waves on the monterey fan levee: a preliminary physical interpretation[J]. Marine Geology, 37(1-2):1-18. doi: 10.1016/0025-3227(80)90009-2
[31]	NORMARK W R, PIPER D J W, 1991. Initiation processes and flow evolution of turbidity currents: implications for the depositional record[M] //OSBORNE R H. From Shoreline to Abyss: Contributions in Marine Geology in Honor of Francis Parker Shepard. Tulsa: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology: 207-230.
	NORMARK W R, PIPER D J W, 1991. Initiation processes and flow evolution of turbidity currents: implications for the depositional record[M] //OSBORNE R H. From Shoreline to Abyss: Contributions in Marine Geology in Honor of Francis Parker Shepard. Tulsa: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology: 207-230.
[32]	PAULL C K, USSLER III W, CARESS D W, et al, 2010. Origins of large crescent-shaped bedforms within the axial channel of Monterey Canyon, offshore California[J]. Geosphere, 6(6):755-774. doi: 10.1130/GES00527.1
	PAULL C K, USSLER III W, CARESS D W, et al, 2010. Origins of large crescent-shaped bedforms within the axial channel of Monterey Canyon, offshore California[J]. Geosphere, 6(6):755-774. doi: 10.1130/GES00527.1
[33]	PIPER D J W, SAVOYE B, 1993. Processes of late Quaternary turbidity current flow and deposition on the Var deep‐sea fan, north‐west Mediterranean Sea[J]. Sedimentology, 40(3):557-582. doi: 10.1111/sed.1993.40.issue-3
	PIPER D J W, SAVOYE B, 1993. Processes of late Quaternary turbidity current flow and deposition on the Var deep‐sea fan, north‐west Mediterranean Sea[J]. Sedimentology, 40(3):557-582. doi: 10.1111/sed.1993.40.issue-3
[34]	POHL F, EGGENHUISEN J T, TILSTON M, et al, 2019. New flow relaxation mechanism explains scour fields at the end of submarine channels[J]. Nature Communications, 10:4425. pmid: 31562328
	POHL F, EGGENHUISEN J T, TILSTON M, et al, 2019. New flow relaxation mechanism explains scour fields at the end of submarine channels[J]. Nature Communications, 10:4425. pmid: 31562328
[35]	SHU YEQIANG, XUE HUIJIE, WANG DONGXIAO, et al, 2014. Meridional overturning circulation in the South China Sea envisioned from the high‐resolution global reanalysis data GLBa0.08[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 119(5):3012-3028.
	SHU YEQIANG, XUE HUIJIE, WANG DONGXIAO, et al, 2014. Meridional overturning circulation in the South China Sea envisioned from the high‐resolution global reanalysis data GLBa0.08[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 119(5):3012-3028.
[36]	SPINEWINE B, SEQUEIROS O E, GARCIA M H, et al, 2009. Experiments on wedge-shaped deep sea sedimentary deposits in minibasins and/or on channel levees emplaced by turbidity currents. Part II. Morphodynamic evolution of the wedge and of the associated bedforms[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 79(8):608-628. doi: 10.2110/jsr.2009.065
	SPINEWINE B, SEQUEIROS O E, GARCIA M H, et al, 2009. Experiments on wedge-shaped deep sea sedimentary deposits in minibasins and/or on channel levees emplaced by turbidity currents. Part II. Morphodynamic evolution of the wedge and of the associated bedforms[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 79(8):608-628. doi: 10.2110/jsr.2009.065
[37]	SYMONS W O, SUMNER E J, TALLING P J, et al, 2016. Large-scale sediment waves and scours on the modern seafloor and their implications for the prevalence of supercritical flows[J]. Marine Geology, 371:130-148. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2015.11.009
	SYMONS W O, SUMNER E J, TALLING P J, et al, 2016. Large-scale sediment waves and scours on the modern seafloor and their implications for the prevalence of supercritical flows[J]. Marine Geology, 371:130-148. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2015.11.009
[38]	TALLING P J, WYNN R B, MASSON D G, et al, 2007. Onset of submarine debris flow deposition far from original giant landslide[J]. Nature, 450(7169):541-544. doi: 10.1038/nature06313 pmid: 18033295
	TALLING P J, WYNN R B, MASSON D G, et al, 2007. Onset of submarine debris flow deposition far from original giant landslide[J]. Nature, 450(7169):541-544. doi: 10.1038/nature06313 pmid: 18033295
[39]	VELLINGA A J, CARTIGNY M J B, EGGENHUISEN J T, et al, 2018. Morphodynamics and depositional signature of low-aggradation cyclic steps: new insights from a depth-resolved numerical model[J]. Sedimentology, 65(2):540-560. doi: 10.1111/sed.2018.65.issue-2
	VELLINGA A J, CARTIGNY M J B, EGGENHUISEN J T, et al, 2018. Morphodynamics and depositional signature of low-aggradation cyclic steps: new insights from a depth-resolved numerical model[J]. Sedimentology, 65(2):540-560. doi: 10.1111/sed.2018.65.issue-2
[40]	XUE HUIJIE, CHAI FEI, PETTIGREW N, et al, 2004. Kuroshio intrusion and the circulation in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109(C2):C02017.
	XUE HUIJIE, CHAI FEI, PETTIGREW N, et al, 2004. Kuroshio intrusion and the circulation in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109(C2):C02017.
[41]	ZHANG YANWEI, LIU ZHIFEI, ZHAO YULONG, et al, 2018. Long-term in situ observations on typhoon-triggered turbidity currents in the deep sea[J]. Geology, 46(8):675-678. doi: 10.1130/G45178.1
	ZHANG YANWEI, LIU ZHIFEI, ZHAO YULONG, et al, 2018. Long-term in situ observations on typhoon-triggered turbidity currents in the deep sea[J]. Geology, 46(8):675-678. doi: 10.1130/G45178.1
[42]	ZHAO YULONG, LIU ZHIFEI, ZHANG YANWEI, et al, 2015. In situ observation of contour currents in the northern South China Sea: Applications for deepwater sediment transport[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 430:477-485. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.09.008
	ZHAO YULONG, LIU ZHIFEI, ZHANG YANWEI, et al, 2015. In situ observation of contour currents in the northern South China Sea: Applications for deepwater sediment transport[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 430:477-485. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.09.008
[43]	ZHONG GUANGFA, CARTIGNY M J B, KUANG ZENGGUI, et al, 2015. Cyclic steps along the South Taiwan Shoal and West Penghu submarine canyons on the northeastern continental slope of the South China Sea[J]. GSA Bulletin, 127(5-6):804-824. doi: 10.1130/B31003.1
	ZHONG GUANGFA, CARTIGNY M J B, KUANG ZENGGUI, et al, 2015. Cyclic steps along the South Taiwan Shoal and West Penghu submarine canyons on the northeastern continental slope of the South China Sea[J]. GSA Bulletin, 127(5-6):804-824. doi: 10.1130/B31003.1

	H₁/m	W₁/m	H₃/m	W₃/m	α/°	β/°	θ/°	L_step/m	H_step/m	Ay
S1	463	6980	445	6737	1.24	1.26	0.89	2611	48	0.18
S2	362	7022	354	6573	1.18	3.85	2.71	1729	90	0.27
S3	421	6508	323	6871	2.36	2.69	1.07	2730	87	0.45
S4	359	7070	334	6732	1.28	6.41	3.14	2267	146	0.49
S5	376	7031	332	6997	2.64	3.13	1.43	1825	70	0.43
S6	378	7225	310	7609	1.78	1.88	0.35	1565	24	1.29
S7	325	7179	300	7161	0.85	3.40	2.43	2350	108	0.28
S8	315	8031	297	8202	0.64	4.58	1.60	1347	47	1.17
S9	355	7884	316	8191	1.17	1.30	0.34	2309	32	0.67
S10	325	8357	283	8692	1.25	6.05	2.06	1514	75	1.04
S11	350	8855	321	9291	2.00	1.82	0.60	3311	70	0.44
S12	290	9132	263	9135	0.24	2.21	1.61	1609	47	0.49
S13	308	9225	275	9370	1.55	1.11	0.38	2425	34	0.41
S14	299	9501	275	9519	0.95	1.19	0.56	2731	40	0.52
S15	267	9538	212	9978	1.90	2.69	0.99	2263	68	0.45
S16	219	7013	202	7369	0.43	1.78	0.87	2821	51	0.71
S17	200	7327	182	7523	0.65	1.87	0.91	2059	44	0.82
S18	219	7740	198	8161	0.42	1.15	0.38	1616	17	0.96
S19	110	6189	38	6349	0.90	2.89	0.63	3486	71	1.45
S20	93	5592	20	5529	1.17	1.98	0.46	4730	93	0.99
S21	98	5995	19	6317	1.34	1.62	0.33	3258	46	2.03
S22	47	4108	32	5077	1.09	3.16	1.36	2478	79	0.78
S23	101	4195	39	5007	1.53	2.46	2.30	1479	30	1.45
误差	±0.08	±0.02	±0.11	±0.02	±0.10	±0.12	±0.18	±0.05	±0.18	±0.10

	H₁/m	W₁/m	H₃/m	W₃/m	α/°	β/°	θ/°	L_step/m	H_step/m	Ay
S1	463	6980	445	6737	1.24	1.26	0.89	2611	48	0.18
S2	362	7022	354	6573	1.18	3.85	2.71	1729	90	0.27
S3	421	6508	323	6871	2.36	2.69	1.07	2730	87	0.45
S4	359	7070	334	6732	1.28	6.41	3.14	2267	146	0.49
S5	376	7031	332	6997	2.64	3.13	1.43	1825	70	0.43
S6	378	7225	310	7609	1.78	1.88	0.35	1565	24	1.29
S7	325	7179	300	7161	0.85	3.40	2.43	2350	108	0.28
S8	315	8031	297	8202	0.64	4.58	1.60	1347	47	1.17
S9	355	7884	316	8191	1.17	1.30	0.34	2309	32	0.67
S10	325	8357	283	8692	1.25	6.05	2.06	1514	75	1.04
S11	350	8855	321	9291	2.00	1.82	0.60	3311	70	0.44
S12	290	9132	263	9135	0.24	2.21	1.61	1609	47	0.49
S13	308	9225	275	9370	1.55	1.11	0.38	2425	34	0.41
S14	299	9501	275	9519	0.95	1.19	0.56	2731	40	0.52
S15	267	9538	212	9978	1.90	2.69	0.99	2263	68	0.45
S16	219	7013	202	7369	0.43	1.78	0.87	2821	51	0.71
S17	200	7327	182	7523	0.65	1.87	0.91	2059	44	0.82
S18	219	7740	198	8161	0.42	1.15	0.38	1616	17	0.96
S19	110	6189	38	6349	0.90	2.89	0.63	3486	71	1.45
S20	93	5592	20	5529	1.17	1.98	0.46	4730	93	0.99
S21	98	5995	19	6317	1.34	1.62	0.33	3258	46	2.03
S22	47	4108	32	5077	1.09	3.16	1.36	2478	79	0.78
S23	101	4195	39	5007	1.53	2.46	2.30	1479	30	1.45
误差	±0.08	±0.02	±0.11	±0.02	±0.10	±0.12	±0.18	±0.05	±0.18	±0.10

	α/°	β/°	θ/°	L_stoss/m	L_lee/m	L_step/m	H_step/m	Ay
W1	1.01	1.74	0.61	876	603	2248	36	1.06
W2	0.99	2.74	0.82	1158	1090	2228	43	0.82
W3	0.72	1.62	0.72	1002	1226	2647	55	0.85
W4	2.19	2.83	0.36	1216	1431	1905	65	0.75
W5	0.97	1.32	0.70	815	1090	2602	45	0.47
W6	1.56	2.24	0.95	826	1776	2962	78	0.81
W7	0.74	1.49	0.49	1330	1632	3387	58	0.79
W8	0.29	4.43	1.08	1490	1897	1951	73	0.80
W9	2.26	3.81	1.73	869	1082	3104	94	1.19
W10	1.58	3.80	1.03	1685	1419	2323	84	0.72
误差	±0.11	±0.08	±0.08	±0.03	±0.02	±0.02	±0.02	±0.04

	α/°	β/°	θ/°	L_stoss/m	L_lee/m	L_step/m	H_step/m	Ay
W1	1.01	1.74	0.61	876	603	2248	36	1.06
W2	0.99	2.74	0.82	1158	1090	2228	43	0.82
W3	0.72	1.62	0.72	1002	1226	2647	55	0.85
W4	2.19	2.83	0.36	1216	1431	1905	65	0.75
W5	0.97	1.32	0.70	815	1090	2602	45	0.47
W6	1.56	2.24	0.95	826	1776	2962	78	0.81
W7	0.74	1.49	0.49	1330	1632	3387	58	0.79
W8	0.29	4.43	1.08	1490	1897	1951	73	0.80
W9	2.26	3.81	1.73	869	1082	3104	94	1.19
W10	1.58	3.80	1.03	1685	1419	2323	84	0.72
误差	±0.11	±0.08	±0.08	±0.03	±0.02	±0.02	±0.02	±0.04

Geomorphological records of turbidity current activity in the northeastern margin of the South China Sea and analysis of triggering mechanism

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 18

References 43

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	XU Chao, LONG Lijuan, LI Sha, YUAN Li, XU Xiaolu. Systematic reorganization of historical data of scientific investigation in the South China Sea and its affiliated islands and reefs 3. data sharing service and application [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(5): 158-165.
[2]	XU Chao, LONG Lijuan, LI Sha, HE Yunkai, YUAN Li, XU Xiaolu. Systematic reorganization of historical data of scientific investigation in the South China Sea and its affiliated islands and reefs 1. data reorganization technology and application [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(5): 143-149.
[3]	XU Chao, LONG Lijuan, LI Sha, XU Xiaolu, YUAN Li. Systematic reorganization of historical data of scientific investigation in the South China Sea and its affiliated islands and reefs 2. data curation and application [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(5): 150-157.
[4]	LIU Yuan, KE Zhixin, LI Kaizhi, TAN Yehui, LIANG Junce, ZHOU Weihua. Zooplankton community in the coastal waters of eastern Guangdong under the influence of human activities and ocean currents [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(4): 98-111.
[5]	LIU Didi, ZHANG Xiyang, SUN Fulin, WANG Mingzhuang, TAN Fei, SHI Qi, WANG Guan, YANG Hongqiang. Microbial communities and specific strains within beachrocks of the South China Sea: implications for the origin of beachrock* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(4): 112-122.
[6]	JIANG Lyumiao, CHEN Tianran, ZHAO Kuan, ZHANG Ting, XU Lijia. Experimental study on bioerosion of marginal reefs in the Weizhou Island, northern South China Sea [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 155-165.
[7]	XU Lijia, LIAO Zhiheng, CHEN Hui, WANG Yongzhi, HUANG Baiqiang, LIN Qiaoyun, GAN Jianfeng, YANG Jing. Community structure of scleractinian corals in the northern South China Sea and their responses to the marine heatwaves [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 58-71.
[8]	ZHAO Minghui, YUAN Ye, ZHANG Jiazheng, ZHANG Cuimei, GAO Jinwei, WANG Qiang, SUN Zhen, CHENG Jinhui. New developments on the rift-breakup of the continent-ocean transition zone in the northern margin of the South China Sea [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(2): 173-183.
[9]	HUANG Yu, WANG Lin, MAI Zhimao, LI Jie, ZHANG Si. Isolation and characterization of sand fixation ability of bacteria in biological soil crusts of the tropical islands, South China Sea [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(6): 101-110.
[10]	WANG Chenyan, SHI Jingwen, YAN Annan, KANG Yaru, WANG Yuxuan, QIN Suli, HAN Minwei, ZHANG Ruijie, YU Kefu. Bioaccumulation characteristics and source apportionment of organophosphate esters in Acanthaster planci from the South China Sea [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 30-37.
[11]	LI Niu, DI Pengfei, FENG Dong, CHEN Duofu. The impact of cold seepage on geochemical indices for redox conditions of marine sediments ―Site F active seep site in the northeastern South China Sea^* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 144-153.
[12]	ZHANG Zhisheng, XIE Lingling, LI Junyi, LI Qiang. Comparative analysis of mesoscale eddy evolution during life cycle in marginal sea and open ocean: South China Sea and Kuroshio Extension [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(4): 63-76.
[13]	YANG Lei, WEN Jinhui, WANG Qiang, LUO Xi, HUANG Huaming, HE Yunkai, CHEN Ju. Recent research progress in the influence of tropical cyclones on the Luzon Strait transport^* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(3): 40-51.
[14]	ZHAO Zhongxian, SUN Zhen, MAO Yunhua, ZHANG Huodai. Heterogeneous extension and pulsed tectonic subsidence in the northern South China Sea margin^* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(3): 96-115.
[15]	LIU Qinyan, LI Wenlian, SHI Rui, CHEN Ju, LI Chunhui, XIE Qiang. The characteristics of eddy in western boundary current of South China Sea and its relationship with winter circulation [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(3): 52-66.