大亚湾表层沉积物碳水化合物活性酶基因分布特征

doi:10.11978/2022216

Abstract

Abstract:

The microbial carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) are important in the process of carbohydrate mineralization in marine sediment. In this study, metagenomic analysis is used to identify microbial CAZymes genes and predict glycan utilization in the surface sediments from the Daya Bay in spring. The microbial communities showed specific utilization for the different structure glycans. Delta-proteobacteria were dominant for encoding CAZymes genes for the degradation of peptidoglycan and chitin. Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroides and Planctomycetes were the dominant groups encoding CAZymes genes for the degradation of complex polysaccharides (fucoidan, laminarin, cellulose and hemicellulose), which was associated with their highest Shannon diversity of CAZymes families. Acidobacter was the primary contributors of CAZymes genes for cleaving oligo-galacturonic acid. The contributions of Archaea to most CAZymes genes were less than 1%, while their contributions of genes encoding carbohydrate esterase, binding module relating cellulose and hemicellulose degradation ranged from 2.18 %to11.1%. According to the functional of glycoside hydrolases, the substrate of CAZymes were mostly derived from autochthonous debris, i.e., bacterial sugars (peptidoglycans and α- glucan), algal cell wall (fucoidan and laminarin) and chitin. The relative abundances of CAZymes genes in the mouth for the algal derived organic debris with complex chemical structure were higher than those in the east-northern of the bay. The relative abundances of Auxiliary Activity families (AAs) genes related to lignin degradation were the highest in the east-northern of the bay, and their dominant AAs may help to increase lignocellulose solubility and subsequently enhance the bioavailability of GHs to lignocellulose. The compositions of CAZymes genes were mainly related to the particulate organic matter deposition from water columns and the depth of water body.

Key words: microbial community, carbohydrate-active enzymes genes, sediment, metagenome, Daya Bay

SUN Cuici, YUE Weizhong, ZHAO Wenjie, WANG Youshao. Distribution of the microbial Carbohydrate-Active enzymes genes in the surface sediment of the Daya Bay, China[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 76-91.

Figures/Tables 9

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Tab. S1

The major activity of CAZymes"

序号	CAZymes		名称或主要功能
1	GH3		β-葡萄糖苷酶/β-N-乙酰基己糖胺酶
2	GH4		α-半乳糖醛酸酶/麦芽糖-6-磷酸葡萄糖苷酶/6-磷酸-β-葡萄糖苷
3	GH5		内葡聚糖酶
4	GH13		异淀粉酶/1,4-α-葡聚糖分支酶/α-葡萄糖苷酶/α淀粉酶
5	GH15		葡聚糖酶/α-海藻糖酶/糖化酶
6	GH16		内切-1,3-β-葡聚糖酶
7	GH17		内切-1,3-β-葡萄糖苷酶
8	GH18		几丁质酶
9	GH20		己糖胺酶
10	GH23		溶菌酶/可溶性溶菌素转糖基酶/膜结合溶菌素转糖基酶
11	GH29		α-L-岩藻糖苷酶
12	GH30		β-葡萄糖苷酶/葡糖基神经酰胺酶/β-葡萄糖醛酸酶/内切-β-1,6-半乳糖苷酶
13	GH31		α-D-木糖苷木糖水解酶/α-葡萄糖苷酶/寡糖4-α-D-葡萄糖基转移酶
14	GH32		果聚糖内切酶
15	GH33		唾液酸酶或神经氨酸酶/反式唾液酸酶/脱水唾液酸酶/2-酮-3-脱氧壬酸水解酶
16	GH43		木聚糖1,4-β-木糖苷酶
17	GH57		1,4-α-葡聚糖分支酶
18	GH65		麦芽糖磷酸化酶/海藻糖磷酸化
19	GH73		溶菌酶
20	GH77		4-α-葡聚糖转移酶
21	GH78		α-L-氨苷酶
22	GH95		α-L-岩藻糖苷酶2
23	GH102		肽聚糖裂解转糖苷酶
24	GH103		肽聚糖裂解转糖苷酶
25	GH105		不饱和鼠李糖乳糖酰水解酶
26	GH106		α-L-鼠李糖苷酶
27	GH108		N-乙酰胞壁质酶
28	GH109		N-乙酰氨基己糖苷酶
29	GH127			β-L-阿拉伯糖苷酶
30	GH130			β-1,2-甘露糖磷酸化酶
31	GH145			L-鼠李糖-α-1,4-D-葡萄糖醛酸裂解酶
32	GH149			β-1,3-葡聚糖磷酸化酶
33	CE1			乙酰木聚糖酯酶/S-甲酰谷胱甘肽水解酶/聚羟基丁酸解聚酶/ /羧酸酯酶
34	CE2			乙酰木聚糖酯酶
35	CE3			乙酰木聚糖酯酶
36	CE4			乙酰木聚糖酯酶/甲壳素脱乙酰酶/壳寡糖脱乙酰酶肽聚糖脱乙酰酶/肽聚糖 N-乙酰胞壁酸脱乙酰酶
37	CE6			乙酰木聚糖酯酶
38	CE7			乙酰木聚糖酯酶
39	CE8			果胶酯酶
40	CE9			N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖6-磷酸脱乙酰酶/N-乙酰氨基半乳糖6-磷酸脱乙酰酶
41	CE10			芳香酯酶/羧基酯酶等
42	CE11			尿苷二磷酸-3-O-[3-羟基肉豆蔻酰基]N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖脱乙酰酶/尿苷二磷酸-3-O-[3-羟基肉豆蔻酰]N-乙酰基葡萄糖胺脱乙酰酶/3-羟基酰基-[酰基载体蛋白]脱水酶
43	CE12			果胶乙酰酯酶
44	CE13			果胶乙酰酯酶
45	CE14			二乙酰基壳二糖去乙酰化酶
46	CE15			4-O-甲基葡萄糖醛酸甲酯酶
47	CE16			乙酰酯酶
48	AA2			过氧化氢酶过氧化物酶
49	AA3			葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶家族/胆碱脱氢酶
50	AA4			乙醇酸氧化酶/D-乳酸脱氢酶(细胞色素)
51	AA6			醌还原酶
52	AA7			葡萄糖氧化酶/壳寡糖氧化酶/纤维低聚糖脱氢酶
53	AA9			依赖铜的裂解多糖单加氧酶
54	AA12			吡咯喹啉醌依赖性氧化还原酶
55	AA13			依赖铜的裂解多糖单加氧酶
56	PL1			果胶裂解酶
57	PL2			果胶裂解酶
58	PL4			鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸内切酶
59	PL5			海藻酸裂解酶
60	PL6			海藻酸裂解酶
61	PL7			海藻酸裂解酶
62	PL8			软骨素裂解酶
63	PL9			果胶裂解酶
64	PL10			果胶裂解酶
65	PL12			硫酸肝素裂解酶
66	PL14			聚(β-甘露糖醛酸)裂解酶/M-特异性海藻酸裂解酶
67	PL15			海藻酸裂解酶/肝素裂解酶/肝素裂解酶 I/肝素-硫酸盐裂解酶/肝素裂解酶 Ⅲ
68	PL17			海藻酸裂解酶
69	PL18			海藻酸裂解酶
70	PL21			肝素裂解酶/肝素-硫酸盐裂解酶/阿查兰-硫酸盐裂解酶
71	PL22			低聚半乳糖醛酸裂解酶
72	PL24			石莼多糖裂解酶
73	CBM6			结合纤维素、β-1,4-木聚糖、β-1,13-葡聚糖、β-1, 3-1,4-葡聚糖和β-1,3-葡聚糖
74	CBM9			结合纤维素
75	CBM11			与β-1,4-葡聚糖和β-1,3-1,4-混合连接葡聚糖结合
76	CBM16			结合纤维素和葡甘聚糖
77	CBM13			与纤维素结合
78	CBM20			与淀粉结合
79	CBM23			与甘露聚糖结合
80	CBM32			结合半乳糖、乳糖和N-乙酰-D-乳糖胺
81	CBM37			与木聚糖、几丁质、显微晶质和磷酸纤维素结合
82	CBM40			与GH33结合
83	CBM41			与α-葡聚糖-直链淀粉、支链淀粉、普鲁兰聚糖结合
84		CBM44		结合纤维素和木聚糖
85		CBM47		与岩藻糖结合
86		CBM48		附加到GH13模块
87		CBM50		附着于GH18、GH19、GH23、GH24、GH25和GH73家族的各种酶, 即裂解甲壳素或肽聚糖的酶
88		CBM57		附着于各种糖苷酶
89		CBM66		与果聚糖的果糖苷末端结合, 辅助β-果糖苷外切酶
90		CBM67		与L-鼠李糖结合
91		GT2		纤维素、几丁质、葡聚糖、甘露聚糖、透明质酸合成酶/N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖基转移酶等
92		GT4		蔗糖合成酶/蔗糖-磷酸合成酶/α-葡萄糖基转移酶/脂多糖N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖基转移酶等
93		GT9		脂多糖-乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶
94		GT26		β-N-乙酰甘露糖苷酰转移酶/β-1,4-葡萄糖基转移酶β-1,4-半乳糖基转移酶
95		GT28		1,2-二酰甘油3-β-半乳糖基转移酶; 1,2-二酰甘油3-β-葡萄糖基转移酶/β-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖基转移酶/双半乳糖基二酰甘油合成酶
96		GT30		α-3-脱氧-D-甘露聚糖-辛酸转移酶
97		GT35		糖原或淀粉磷酸化酶
98		GT39		蛋白α-甘露糖基转移酶
99		GT51		胞壁质聚合酶
100		GT81		葡萄糖基-3-磷酸甘油酸合成酶/甘露糖基 -3-磷酸甘油酸合成酶/ 葡萄糖基-2-甘油酸合成酶/甘露糖基-3-磷酸甘油酸合成酶/3-磷酸甘油酸α-甘露糖基转移酶
101		GT83		4-氨基-4-脱氧-β-L-阿拉伯糖基转移酶/半乳糖醛酸基转移酶

Tab. S1

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站位	S1	S5	S11
经度	114°37′59.88″E	114°33′42.12″E	114°43′0.12″E
纬度	22°31′59.88″N	22°35′35.88″N	22°46′0.12″N
水深/m	19.5	13.5	8.0
含水率/%	38.2	35.1	62.4
砂土百分比/%	13.4	5.9	0
粉砂土百分比/%	64.9	71.9	62.7
黏土百分比/%	21.7	22.2	37.54
平均粒径/μm	6.4	6.4	7.59
中值粒径/μm	6.6	6.3	7.49
总有机碳(TOC)/(%·g^-1)	0.50±0.02	0.47±0.01	1.63±0.05
硫化物含量/(μg· g^-1)	33.41±1.12	81.8±2.37	218.7±5.49
总磷(TP)/(mg·kg^-1)	160.5±8.27	130.7±5.18	142.4±6.76
总氮(TN)/(mg·kg^-1)	214.5±8.1	248.8±9.3	441.6±12.8
TOC : TN	27.3	22.0	43.1
水体叶绿素浓度/(μg·L^-1)	1.47	1.51	1.76

Distribution of the microbial Carbohydrate-Active enzymes genes in the surface sediment of the Daya Bay, China

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