防城河口湾鱼类群落结构及其与环境因子关系研究

doi:10.11978/2019001

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the survey in May, August and November 2016 and February 2017, the spatial and seasonal dynamics of the fish community structure and its relationship with the environmental factors in Fangchenghe Estuary of Guangxi, China were studied. A total of 95 species of fishes were collected in four seasons, belonging to two classes, 12 orders, 37 families, and 69 genera. Among them, 72 species were warm water fishes and 23 species were warm temperate fishes, accounting for 75.8% and 24.2% of the total, respectively. As for their ecological types, the bottom and near-bottom fishes were the dominant species, which accounted for 86.3% of the total species. In all, 60 species in spring, 59 species in summer, 54 species in autumn, and 46 species in winter were recorded. The similarity index between summer and autumn was the highest among season pairs. According to the index of relative importance (IRI), the whole-year dominant species were Sebastiscus marmoratus and Siganus canaliculatus, whose IRI values were higher than 500; 10 main species included Acanthopagrus latus, Equulites rivulatus, Callionymus richardsoni, Pagrus major, and so on, whose IRI values ranged from 100 to 500. Siganus canaliculatus acted as the biggest dominant species in both summer and autumn, so did Sebastiscus marmoratus in spring and Equulites rivulatus in winter. The annual average resource density and biomass of the study area were 45836 individual·km ^-2and 435.21 kg·km ^-2, respectively. The resource abundance varied significantly among pairs of seasons or regions. The scale of species abundance per sample ranged from 2 to 21 species; the species diversity index H′, from 0.468 to 4.031; the richness index d, from 0.120 to 1.926; and the evenness index J, from 0.181 to 0.969. Cluster analysis, analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and similarity of percentage (SIMPER) showed that there existed some spatial-temporal heterogeneity in the fish community structure. Correlation analysis showed that the water temperature, salinity and nitrate content were the major environmental factors affecting the fish community structure.

Key words: fish, species composition, community structure, environmental factor, Fangchenghe Estuary

CLC Number:

P735.542

Sixuan HE,Binyuan HE. Study on fish community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in Fangchenghe Estuary of Guangxi, China[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2019, 38(5): 86-97.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Dominant species and IRI values (units: %) of fish communities in Fangchenghe Estuary"

种类	春	夏	秋	冬	周年
褐菖鲉Sebastiscus marmoratus	6184.83	90.72	64.01	65.29	1592.22
长鳍篮子鱼Siganus canaliculatus	66.70	1501.39	847.94	108.15	628.84
黄鳍棘鲷Acanthopagrus latus	134.21	891.46	645.73	685.55	474.57
条马鲾Equulites rivulatus	122.54	124.17	355.10	2140.66	375.19
真赤鲷 Pagrus major	1625.70	161.38	3.46	/	323.73
李氏? Callionymus richardsoni	772.46	66.03	68.24	79.14	321.84
多鳞鱚Sillago sihama	392.25	62.43	125.24	985.59	306.39
日本银鲈Gerres japonicus	50.97	12.16	12.00	1352.86	173.41
鲬Platycephalus indicus	74.28	138.30	317.88	144.40	138.94
二长棘犁齿鲷 Evynnis cardinalis	539.79	7.90	/	23.51	119.65
斑头舌鳎Cynoglossus puncticeps	76.97	448.16	19.39	80.75	117.18
高体斑鲆Pseudorhombus elevatus	275.72	7.73	138.95	22.60	102.12
皮氏叫姑鱼Johnius belengerii	37.59	172.12	573.08	/	92.67
粗高鳍鲉Vespicula trachinoides	54.92	222.20	59.10	73.96	80.99
黑棘鲷Acanthopagrus schlegelii	2.50	257.20	134.66	51.30	76.44
卵鳎Solea ovata	1.94	137.25	426.65	78.47	71.42
中国花鲈Lateolabrax maculatus	78.96	88.09	67.05	21.58	67.74
短吻鲾Leiognathus brevirostris	/	/	8.72	505.31	34.13
鹿斑仰口鲾Secutor ruconius	/	278.94	52.68	2.30	28.30
铅点多纪鲀Takifugu alboplumbeus	15.44	37.45	30.74	38.14	26.64
条纹叫姑鱼Johnius fasciatus	/	228.55	43.58	/	25.45
及达副叶鲹Alepes djedaba	16.42	130.99	8.77	/	21.10
红尾银鲈Gerres erythrourus	9.79	/	6.01	153.31	20.39
横带棘线鲬Grammoplites scaber	21.95	63.98	2.68	1.80	16.72
斑纹舌鰕虎鱼Glossogobius olivaceus	3.43	/	6.91	101.56	15.94
东方宽箬鳎 Brachirus orientalis	32.67	21.60	1.50	9.34	15.94
日本钩嘴鳎 Heteromycteris japonicus	21.88	/	2.10	68.47	12.67
长棘银鲈 Gerres filamentosus	8.29	/	64.84	8.01	12.00
十刺银鲈Gerres decacanthus	/	/	313.84	/	11.62
大头银姑鱼 Pennahia macrocephalus	0.48	59.19	48.76	/	11.28

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Tab. 2

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季节	数量指标	显著正相关因子	显著负相关因子
春季	J	水温、溶解氧饱和度、无机磷	水深、盐度
	d	/	悬浮物、COD、亚硝酸、盐硝酸盐、无机氮、总氮、硅酸盐
	H′	溶解氧饱和度	悬浮物、COD、硝酸盐、氨氮、无机氮
	S	/	COD、硝酸盐、无机氮、总氮
	生物量	盐度	水温、硝酸盐
	密度	盐度	水温、硝酸盐
夏季	J	水温	pH、溶解氧饱和度、BOD
	d	盐度	/
	H′	水温、盐度	COD
	S	盐度	亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、无机氮、总氮、无机磷、硅酸盐
	生物量	pH、溶解氧饱和度、BOD	水温
	密度	pH、溶解氧饱和度、BOD	水温
秋季	J	水色、无机磷、总氮、总磷	透明度、硅酸盐
	d	水深	/
	H′	/	/
	S	透明度	水色、无机磷
	生物量	/	/
	密度	/	/
冬季	J	盐度、悬浮物、pH、总磷	透明度
	d	/	BOD
	H′	/	BOD、叶绿素a
	S	/	BOD
	生物量	/	盐度、水温、pH
	密度	亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、无机氮、氨氮、总氮、无机磷、硅酸盐	水温、悬浮物、pH、盐度

Study on fish community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in Fangchenghe Estuary of Guangxi, China

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[3]	HU Simin, ZHOU Tiancheng, ZHANG Chen, LIU Sheng, LI Tao, HUANG Hui. Effect of suspended solids on zooplankton community and their feeding selectivity in the Sanya coral waters [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 122-130.
[4]	LUO Yong, HUANG Lintao, YANG Jianhui, LIAN Jiansheng, LIU Chengyue, JIANG Lei, LIANG Yuxian, CHEN Lunju, LEI Xinming, LIU Sheng, HUANG Hui. Community structure of reef-building corals and their environmental impact factors in the coastal waters of Hongpai-Maniao, Lingao, Hainan [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 72-86.
[5]	LIN Xianzhi, ZHOU Yanyan, LIN Haoye, HU Simin, HUANG Hui, ZHANG Li, LIU Sheng. Diet analysis of the parrotfish (Scarus globiceps) in coral reefs of the Nansha Islands [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 100-108.
[6]	LEI Mingfeng, YU Kefu, LIAO Zhiheng, CHEN Biao, HUANG Xueyong, CHEN Xiaoyan. The rapid ecological degradation and its impact on fish of the Yinyu Island in the Xisha Islands [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 87-99.
[7]	LAN Zhenqiang, ZHENG Jitao, CHEN Yun, CHEN Nan, WANG Shuhong. Copulation, embryonic and post-embryonic development of Sphaeramia nematoptera [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(1): 116-125.
[8]	GENG Wanlu, XING Yongze, ZHANG Qiufeng, GUAN Weibing. Structural characteristics of macrobenthic communities at intertidal zone for mangrove in Beihai, Guangxi [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(1): 107-115.
[9]	YANG Bin, SALENDRA Limbadri, LIU Juan, LIU Yonghong. Alkaloids from the Jellyfish-Derived Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus SCSIO41214 [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(4): 195-201.
[10]	ZHANG Lanlan, CHENG Xiawen, XIANG Rong, QIU Zhuoya, CHANG Hu. Changes of radiolarian community structure with depth in the central Bay of Bengal in spring 2019 [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(4): 166-175.
[11]	SONG Xingyu, LIN Yajun, ZHANG Liangkui, XIANG Chenhui, HUANG Yadong, ZHENG Chuanyang. Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of meso- and micro-zooplankton communities in the offshore waters of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area^* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(3): 136-148.
[12]	WANG Zihan, ZENG Cong, JIANG Ziyu, CAO Ling. Conservation gap analysis of threatened fish in the East China Sea and adjacent sea areas [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(1): 66-86.
[13]	CHEN Jingfu, ZHONG Yu, WANG Lei, GUO Yupei, QIU Dajun. Noctiluca scintillans effects on eukaryotic plankton community structure using Environmental DNA analysis in Daya Bay* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022, 41(5): 121-132.
[14]	MA Wengang, XIA Jingquan, WEI Yifan, YIN Hongyang, QIN Lezheng, LIU Xiangbo, HU Xueqing, XU Qiang, LI Xiubao, WANG Aimin. Community structure evaluation of epifaunal macrozoobenthos in the near-island waters of marine ranching in Wuzhizhou Island, Sanya [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022, 41(3): 135-146.
[15]	ZHANG Wanru, LIU Qingxia, HUANG Honghui, QIN Xiaoqing, LI Jiajun, CHEN Jianhua. Study on stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen of main fishery organisms in the southwestern waters of Daya Bay, South China Sea in winter 2020 [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022, 41(3): 147-155.